Amnesty International operates in more than 150 countries to promote and protect human rights. In Brazil, the Indigenous Peoples, Traditional Communities, and Territorial Defense Program seeks to ensure social justice and access to rights in the face of racial, ethnic, and gender inequalities. The program promotes and defends the rights of Indigenous peoples, quilombola communities, fishers, riverine populations, and extractivist communities. In the Volta Grande do Xingu region (PA), Amnesty International documents violations and socioenvironmental impacts, produces evidence, develops recommendations for authorities and companies, and mobilizes society to strengthen these populations in their pursuit of justice and territorial protection.